The following gene names and symbols are associated with antigen Insulin across different species:

insulin (INS), insulin (ins), insulin (Ins), insulin precursor (PIN)

Other aliases include:

ILPR, IRDN, INS, MGC159719, ins1, xins, ins1-a, Insulin

On the protein level the following designations are being used for antigen Insulin:

proinsulin – OTTHUMP00000011162 – OTTHUMP00000196038 – insulin – preproinsulin – insulin I

Insulin fulfills a number of functions:

hormone activity – insulin receptor binding – insulin-like growth factor binding – insulin-like growth factor receptor binding – protein binding

Insulin is relevant to the following processes:

G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway – activation of protein kinase B activity – acute-phase response – alpha-beta T cell activation – carbohydrate metabolic process – cell death – cell-cell signaling – fatty acid homeostasis – glucose homeostasis – glucose metabolic process – glucose transport – negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity – negative regulation of apoptosis – negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process – negative regulation of gluconeogenesis – negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process – negative regulation of lipid catabolic process – negative regulation of protein kinase activity – negative regulation of protein secretion – negative regulation of proteolysis – negative regulation of respiratory burst during acute inflammatory response – negative regulation of vasodilation – positive regulation of DNA replication – positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade – positive regulation of cell differentiation – positive regulation of cell growth – positive regulation of cell migration – positive regulation of cell proliferation – positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process – positive regulation of cytokine secretion – positive regulation of glucose import – positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process – positive regulation of glycolysis – positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway – positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process – positive regulation of mitosis – positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process – positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity – positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation – positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade – positive regulation of protein amino acid autophosphorylation – positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade – positive regulation of respiratory burst – positive regulation of vasodilation – regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process – regulation of establishment of protein localization – regulation of gene-specific transcription – regulation of transmembrane transporter activity – wound healing

Locations for Insulin:

endoplasmic reticulum lumen – endoplasmic reticulum membrane – extracellular region – extracellular space

Source: NCBI Entrez Gene, Gene Ontology