Cytidine deaminases of the APOBEC3 family are all specific for single-stranded DNA. These are exposed during replication or transcription of double-stranded DNA. In human keratinocytes and skin three APOBEC3 genes are expressed: hA3A, hA3B and hA3H. They can be used to detect genetic editing of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA.

In HPV1a plantar warts and HPV16 precancerous cervical biopsies, hyperedited HPV1a and HPV16 genomes were found. Transfection experiments with HPV plasmid DNA and the three enzymes hA3A, hA3C, and hA3H led to similar results. Stochastic or transient overexpression of APOBEC3 genes may expose the genome to a broad spectrum of mutations and might therefore have an influence on tumour development.

Related antibodies on antibodies-online.com:

APOBEC3D

APOBEC3G

Human papilloma virus (HPV)

HPV16

Keratinocytes, suprabasal

Keratinocytes, granulous layer

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