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Mouse (Murine) Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARG) interaction partners

1. P465L mutation confers partial resistance to the hypolipidemic action of fibrates. The fatty liver phenotype observed in P465L mutant mice is not only the consequence of dysfunctional adipose tissue, but also involves defective liver metabolism. All in all, the deleterious effects of P465L-PPARgamma mutation may be magnified by their collateral negative effect on PPARalpha function.

2. Adipose progenitor cells direct adipose tissue niche expansion via a PPARgamma-initiated PDGFRbeta and VEGF transcriptional axis.

3. these studies identify a PPARgamma-dependent miR-424/503-CD40 signaling axis that is critical for regulation of inflammation mediated angiogenesis

4. WISP1 interacts with PPARgamma and that this interaction results in the inhibition of PPARgamma activity. T

5. manipulation of PPAR-gamma activity has the potential to balance lipid-induced M1/M2 macrophage/Kupffer cell polarization.

6. we identified IRF6 as a novel PPARgamma co-suppressor that serves a key role in suppressing PPARgamma-mediated cerebrovascular endothelial cytoprotection following ischemia.

7. For the first time, we report here the importance of GPER-PPARalpha and -PPARgamma 'neopartnership' in maintenance of Leydig cell morpho-functional status.

8. Data show that a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma)-dependent adipogenic response regulates muscle fat infiltration during regeneration.

9. the intracellular domain of Lrp1 interacts with the nuclear receptor Ppargamma, a central regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism, acting as its transcriptional co-activator in endothelial cells.

10. High fat diet-induced obesity exacerbates hematopoiesis deficiency and cytopenia caused by 5-fluorouracil via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma.

11. findings suggest that MCAM is a gene upregulated and involved in maintaining PPARgamma induction in the late but not in the early stages of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts adipogenesis.

12. This study shows that prolonged exposure to high-fat diets in adulthood is associated with a gradually increasing DNA methylation level at the Leptin and Pparg2 promoters in a depot-specific manner.

13. Results suggest that hypothalamic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma plays a vital role in ghrelin production and food intake in mice.

14. Data suggest that expression of microRNA-128-3p is down-regulated during adipogenesis; an abundance of microRNA-128-3p appears to down-regulate adipogenesis and up-regulate lipolysis in adipocytes by targeting expression of Pparg (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) and Sertad2 (SERTA domain-containing protein-2).

15. The present study suggests for the first time that increased PPAR-gmma expression by high fat diet is responsible for cardiac dysfunction via upregulation of mitochondrial enzymes HMGCS2, BDH1 and PDK4.

16. Data suggests that exposure to vitamin D deficiency during perinatal period directly affects expression of genes involved in development of adipose tissue in non-obese offspring; expression levels of Pparg (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma) and Vdr (vitamin D receptor) are up-regulated in adipose tissue of male offspring.

17. Our results found that, in the mice with T2D and AD, the activators of PPARg/AMPK signaling pathway significantly increased the expression level of IDE, and decreased the accumulation of Ab40 and Ab42, as well as alleviated the spatial learning and recognition impairments.

18. PPARgamma functions as a checkpoint, guarding against inflammation, and is permissive for alternative activation of macrophages by facilitating glutamine metabolism

19. Inhibition of this phosphorylation results in deregulation of p53 signaling, and biochemical studies show that PPARgamma physically interacts with p53 in a manner dependent on S273 phosphorylation.

20. Direct regulation of mitochondrially encoded electron transport chain gene expression by mitochondrial PPARgamma2, in part, underlies the isoform-specific role for PPARgamma2 in brown adipocytes.

Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARG) interaction partners

1. In a Chinese population, the AA genotype indivduals with rs13433696 in PPARG exhibited a decreased hypertriglyceridemia risk.

2. Taken together, in human hepatocytes, upregulation of PPARgamma repressed expression of HMGCR and SREBP-2 which is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, activated CYP7A1 which participates in hepatic bile acid synthesis, and increased expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 which excretes cholesterol into bile, and subsequently resulted in reductions of both intracellular and extracellular cholesterols.

3. Adult HF offspring exhibited sustained hypermethylation and histone modification H3ac of the PPARgamma2 promoter in both deposits, correlated with persistent decreased PPARgamma2 mRNA levels. Consistent with the DOHaD hypothesis, retained epigenetic marks provide a mechanistic basis for the cellular memory linking maternal obesity to a predisposition for later adiposity.

4. LEPR rs1137101 and PPARG-2 rs1801282 had weak and medium negative effects on zBMI, respectively, and may slightly protect against childhood obesity.

5. Data show the partial-agonist-bound PPARgamma is characterized by multiple thermodynamically accessible conformations.

6. Cellular metabolism constrains innate immune responses in preterm infants due to perturbations in the expression of PPARgamma, MALT1, DDIT4, and most of the cytokines.

7. PPARgamma knockdown resulted in increased levels of TOMM40, APOE and APOC1 -mRNAs, showing the strongest impact on APOE transcript levels.

8. Studies indicate that peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression is found in different regions of the kidney and, upon activation, can redirect metabolism [Review].

9. These results demonstrate that betaine acts through ERK1/2-PPARgamma signalling pathway to regulate lipid metabolism in adipogenic-differentiated skeletal muscle cells, which could provide some useful information for controlling muscle lipid accumulation by manipulating ERK1/2 and PPARgamma signalling pathway.

10. novel soluble form present in maternal plasma, umbilical plasma, and amniotic fluid, elevated in gestational diabetes mellitus maternal individuals, and correlated with the lipid uptake of trophoblast cells

11. ALDH1A3 suppression could be one of PPARG tumor suppressive function. This study provides a better understanding of the role of PPARG in lung cancer.

12. Regulation of transmembrane-4-L-six-family-1 (TM4SF1) on bladder cancer cell could be induced by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma)-sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) feedback loop.

13. Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma polymorphism is associated with the risk of colorectal cancer.

14. The lack of PPARγ in recurrent miscarriage decidual macrophages seems to be associated with a specific inflammatory response against the fetus.

15. EDF1 is required for VEGF-induced activation of the transcriptional activity of PPARgamma in HUVEC cells.

16. Studied peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma gene (PPARgamma) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); found the SNPs to be associated with the occurrence or progression of sepsis.

17. This study suggests that T2D patients with different genotypes at CD36, NOS3 and PPARG respond differentially to intervention of omega-3 supplements in blood lipid profiles.

18. ITLN1, PPARg AND TNFa GENE EXPRESSION IN VISCERAL ADIPOSE TISSUE.

19. Gene expressions of YKL-40 and CD36 were significantly higher in patients with T2DM (>5 yr) with hypertension compared to healthy controls (P=0.006). In addition, a significant increase in serum levels of sCD36, PPAR-gamma and YKL-40 was observed in patients with T2DM (>5 yr) with hypertension compared to healthy controls

20. Mechanistic investigation revealed a miR-301b~miR-130b-PPARgamma axis, whose expression pattern in umbilical cord (UC), adipose tissue (Ad) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells significantly correlates with their adipogenic capacity.

Pig (Porcine) Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARG) interaction partners

1. Our results provide novel insights into regulation of PPAR expression in ovarian follicles. We observed that FSH increased mRNA and protein expression of all PPARs isoforms, while LH only increased PPAR alpha and gamma. Steroids like progesterone and estradiol increased expression of PPAR alpha and gamma without affecting the beta isoform, while testosterone had no effect on all PPARs expression.

2. The results of the present study suggested that PPARG may mediate porcine placental angiogenesis, by interfering with hypoxia inducible factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietinmediated signaling.

3. The results suggest the higher expression of miR-130a, which targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, may be the reason for less fat deposition in intramuscular adipose tissue than subcutaneous adipose tissue.

4. The immunoprecipitation results also showed that high AA concentrations significantly increased the interaction of mTOR and PPARg. In summary, PPARg plays an important role in the regulation of IGF-1 secretion and gene expression in response to dietary protein.

5. The regulatory role of microRNA miR-27b-3p on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) was confirmed by their inversed expression patterns in oocytes: [miR-27b-3p]

6. an Enhancer box and a binding site for a cooperative co-activator of MyoD are present in the promoter region of porcine PPARgamma.

7. The data suggest that there is local cooperation between resistin and PPARgamma expression in the porcine ovary. Resistin significantly increased the expression of PPARgamma, whereas PPARgamma decreased resistin expression; thus, PPARgamma is a new key regulator of resistin expression and function.

8. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the different regulatory adipogenic roles of MSTN in ADSCs and MSCs act by differentially regulating PPARgamma and MyoD expression.

9. PGRN inhibits adipogenesis in porcine preadipocytes partially through ERK activation mediated PPARgamma phosphorylation.

10. Resveratrol activated sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) gene expression and increased adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) gene expression and glycerol release. Furthermore, this study found the opposite Sirt1 regulation pattern for PPARgamma to that of ATGL in adipocytes.

11. The results indicate that the endometrial expression of PPARgamma genes fluctuates during the estrous cycle and pregnancy.

12. Increasing dietary DE linearly enhanced the expression of PPARgamma in adipose tissues but not skeletal muscle of Rongchang piglets.

13. These results suggest that trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid can modulate TNF-alpha production and NF-kappa B expression by a PPARgamma-dependent pathway in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

14. The results indicated that PPARgamma gene was significantly associated with litter size in pigs.

15. Results indicated that PPARgamma is an essential regulatory factor for the transcriptional activity of ERp44, which in turn controls the secretion of adiponectin.

16. Endothelium on the pathosusceptible side of the aortic valve leaflet is responds to hypercholesterolemia with activation of a PPAR-gamma pathway.

17. PPAR profiles in bladder smooth muscle (BSM) may contribute to the susceptibility of BSM to lipotoxicity in the metabolic syndrome.

18. Our results raise doubts about the prevalently accepted anti-inflammatory role for PPAR-g activation.

19. Upregulation of PPAR-gamma and NADPH oxidases are involved in restenosis.

Cow (Bovine) Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARG) interaction partners

1. Three novel SNPs of the bovine PPARgamma gene were identified in 514 individuals from six Chinese cattle breeds: SNP1 (AC_000179.1 g.57386668 C > G) in intron 2 and SNP2 (AC_000179.1 g.57431964 C > T) and SNP3 (AC_000179.1 g.57431994 T > C) in exon 7.

2. These results indicated that docosahexaenoic acid may attenuate lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory response in bovine mammary epithelial cells by suppressing NF-kappaB activation through a mechanism partly dependent on PPARgamma activation.

3. PPARgamma is a positive regulator of milk fat synthesis in dairy cow mammary epithelial cells.

4. An Asp7Gly substitution in PPARG is associated with adiposity.

5. upregulation of PPARgamma was observed in the backfat tissue of Lilu cattle with increasing age

6. Co-culture of adipocytes and myoblasts elicited an increase in C/EBPbeta and PPAR-gamma gene expression in differentiated myoblasts and an increase in GPR43 gene expression in adipocytes.

7. A potential association of an single nucleotide polymorphism (72472 GT in exon7) of the bovine PPAR-gamma gene with carcass and meat quality traits, was evaluated.

8. study demonstrates the co-expression of DLX3, PPARG and SP1 in trophoblast binucleated cell(BNC)nuclei; this suggests a possible role of these transcription factors through BNC specific genes at the time of pre-placental differentiation

9. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in coding region of the PPARgamma gene, were examined.

10. oxidative stress attenuates PPAR gamma expression and activity in vascular endothelial cells

11. The effects of dietary fat components on the expression of PPAR-gamma AND PPAR-gamma coactivator 1 in cultured bovine preadipocytes are reported.

12. Intramammary infection elicited a strong transcriptomic response, leading to potent activation of pro-inflammatory pathways that were associated with a marked inhibition of lipid synthesis, stress-activated kinase signaling cascades, and PPAR signaling.

13. PPARgamma1 has bifunctional properties in the regulation of KDR gene expression mediated via interaction with both Sp1 and Sp3

14. There is evidence of cotranscription and intergenic splicing events between the PPARG gene and the neighboring gene TSEN2 in cattle. Two types of chimeric transcripts are observed.

Rhesus Monkey Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARG) interaction partners

1. study found PPAR-gamma expression was prominent in the subthalamic nucleus, oculomotor nucleus, ventral tegmental nucleus, and to a lesser extent, in the putamen; 3 or 12 months after MPTP, only the lesioned putamen had increased PPAR-gamma

2. Aleglitazar, a dual PPARalpha/gamma agonist, has beneficial effects on both lipid and glucose parameters in a primate model of the metabolic syndrome.

Rabbit Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARG) interaction partners

1. the present study demonstrated that RS protects primary myocardial cells against OGD/R injury by regulating PPARgamma and UCP2. RS may be a promising therapeutic agent for treatment of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

2. siRNA targeting PPARgamma gene can inhibit adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs and prevent steroid-induced osteonecrosis in rabbit.

3. vitamin E supplementation affords protection by decreasing MMP-1 and increasing PPARg, GSTa, and ABCA1 levels in aortae of rabbits fed a cholesterol-rich diet

4. Telmisartan improves microvascular dysfunction during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via the PPARgamma pathway.

5. PPARgamma plays a luteotropic role in pseudopregnant rabbits, through PTGS2 down-regulation and 3beta-HSD up-regulation, with a consequent PGF2alpha decrease and progesterone increase.

6. In an animal model of atherosclerosis, the expression of PPAR-gamma is upregulated following atorvastatin administration.

7. Tongxinluo can inhibit the expression of MMP-3 and 9 and increase the expression of PPARgamma in atherosclerotic rabbits.

8. Niacin Reduces serum level and adipose mRNA expression of leptin and up-regulates PPARgamma and CD36 mRNA expression in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

9. Antidiabetic drug pioglitazone protects the heart via activation of PPAR-gamma receptors, PI3-kinase, Akt, and eNOS pathway in a rabbit model of myocardial infarction.