Bcl-10 is a 31kDa protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (CARD). It plays an important role in apoptosis and activating NF-kappaB. The research suggested that it interacted with other CARD domain containing proteins including CARD9, 10, 11 and 14, which were thought to function as upstream regulators in NF-kappaB signaling. Bcl10 is found to form a complex with MALT1 which encoded by another gene known to be translocated in MALT lymphoma. MALT1 and Bcl-10 are thought to synergize in the activation of NF-kappaB, and the deregulation of either of them may contribute to the same pathogenetic process that leads to the malignancy.