Carbonic Anhydrase II (CA2) ELISA Kits

Xenopus laevis Carbonic Anhydrase II (CA2) interaction partners

1. a bicarbonate transport metabolon proposed for the interaction between CAII and NBCe1 does not work at least in Xenopus oocytes

Arabidopsis thaliana Carbonic Anhydrase II (CA2) interaction partners

1. Cytoplasmic CA2 plays an important role in amino acid biosynthesis and plant growth at low CO2.

2. CA2 is an integral membrane protein localized on the matrix-exposed side of the membrane arm of complex I.

Mouse (Murine) Carbonic Anhydrase II (CA2) interaction partners

1. It was concluded that both MCT1 and CAII are involved in the homeostatic control of pH in skeletal muscle, both at rest and at the onset of exercise. The improved muscle function and resistance to fatigue in MCT1(+/-) mice remain unexplained.

2. two CA isoforms, CAII and CAIV, are distributed along the epididymal epithelium and appear with the onset of puberty

3. The Na(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter NCC /Carbonic anhydrase II double Knockout mice displayed significant downregulation of pendrin, along with polyuria and salt wasting.

4. CA2 expression is strongly regulated by intracellular pH and by cAMP, suggesting a role for soluble adenylyl cyclase

5. sclerostin upregulated osteocyte expression of carbonic anhydrase 2.

6. During inner ear development, transcripts of four cytosolic isozymes (Car1, Car2, Car3, and Car13), two membrane-bound isozymes (Car12 and Car14), and two CA-related proteins (Car8 and Car11) were expressed at higher levels than other isozymes.

7. Car2, Car3, Car7, and Car15 mRNAs were barely within the detection limits in the mouse harderian gland.

8. Suggest that during amelogenesis CAII controls the differentiation of ameloblasts. Regulation of intracellular pH, followed by activation of the JNK signaling pathway, may be responsible for the effects of CAII on ameloblasts.

9. Both kNBC1-Asp(986) and kNBC1-Asp(988), but not kNBC1-Asp(989), are required for the phosphorylation-induced shift in stoichiometry. A homologous motif (D887ADD) in the carboxy-terminus of the anion exchanger AE1 binds to carbonic anhydrase II.

10. carbonic anhydrases have a functional role specifically in endometrial gland development during postnatal mouse uterine morphogenesis.

11. Results show that the stimulatory effect of the duodenal secretagogue prostaglandin E2 completely depends on carbonic anhydrase II.

12. Altered expression of Car2 and Ncam1 is a downstream event in placental hyperplasia.

13. These results suggest that the loss of function of cytosolic CA II in the stomach of Car2-/- mice leads to up-regulation of an extracellular CA, namely CA IX, which is expressed on the cell surface of the gastric epithelium.

14. Expression in pancreas is restricted to cells within ductal structures and glucagon-positive cells with no colocalization with any insulin-positive cells at any time.

15. In conclusion, skeletal muscle from mice deficient in CA II exhibits altered handling of acid-base challenges and shows normal contractile behavior at normal intracellular pH.

16. identification of serum CA-II as an acute-phase protein; first report that CA-II circulates in the serum following inflammation

17. Immunoblot analyses showed that the levels of carbonic anhydrase II are increased in the brain of Ts65Dn mice, a mouse model for Down syndrome.

18. The metaphyseal widening and changes in the trabecular bone are consistent with osteopetrosis, making the CAII-deficient mouse a valuable model of human disease.

19. CAII deficiency results in a significant decrease in the gene and protein expression of bicarbonate transport proteins from Slc26 gene family - Slc26a4 (pendrin) and Slc26a7.

20. Carbonic anhydrase II is important for duodenocyte acidification by low luminal pH and for eliciting the acid-mediated HCO(3)(-) secretory response.

Human Carbonic Anhydrase II (CA2) interaction partners

1. Study shows that proton-driven lactate flux is enhanced by the intracellular carbonic anhydrase CAII, which is colocalized with the monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells; the results suggest that CAII features a moiety that exclusively mediates proton exchange with the MCT to facilitate transport activity.

2. the 1.6 A resolution structure of an imidazole-based CA activator in complex with the ubiquitously-expressed human CA II, is reported.

3. Data report the crystal structure of HCAII. The structural changes seen are consistent with each of the six mutations involved acting largely independently and variously resulting in increased H-bonding, improved packing, and reduced side chain entropy loss on folding to yield the increased stability. These results suggest that for 4 mutations, improvements in backbone conformational energetics is also a contributor.

4. CAII, CAIX, and CAXII all have characteristic expression patterns in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), its precursors and normal squamous epithelium. In EAC, CAII downregulation is associated with metastatic disease. CAIX expression is lost towards the more malignant lesions, but in lymph node positive disease, expression seems to be higher. CAXII is only expressed in normal esophageal epithelium.

5. present results suggest that CA2 serves as a suppressor of hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition and is correlated with favorable overall survival (OS) in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

6. The LC/MS analysis of platelet proteome between groups revealed that out of all identified proteins, the only discriminatory protein, affecting aspirin responsiveness, is platelet carbonic anhydrase II (CA II).

7. Anti-CA I and II antibody levels were investigated using ELISA in serum samples from 30 patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and 30 healthy peers. Anti-CA I and II antibody titers in the AML group were significantly higher compared with the control group (p=0.0001 and 0.018, respectively).

8. Study presented a detailed analysis of how protein dynamics (specifically the motions of nonreactive residues in the active site and coupled solvent dynamics) influence the rate limiting proton transfer/transport event in HCA II.

9. These six-membered carbocycles showed nice inhibitory action against AChE and human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) II and I isoforms. The hCA I, II, and AChE were efficiently inhibited by these molecules, with Ki values in the range of 6.70-35.85 nM for hCA I, 18.77-60.84 nM for hCA II, and 0.74-4.60 for AChE, respectively

10. These results showed that flavonoids especially malvin and oenin effectively inhibited hCA I and II isoenzymes.

11. Discovery of potent carbonic anhydrase, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes inhibitors: The new amides and thiazolidine-4-ones synthesized on an acetophenone base.

12. This study provides the first evidence that extra-platelet nitrite and erythrocytic CAII may modulate platelet function in a cGMP-dependent manner.

13. Here are presented solved the first crystal structures of carbonic anhydrase 1and carbonic anhydrase 2 in complex with polmacoxib, at 2.0 A and 1.8 A, respectively.

14. CA II and CA XII, but not CA VII or CA IX, could be useful in predicting survival in colorectal carcinomas

15. compute the hydration free energy of Zn(2+), the characteristics of hCAII-Zn(2+) complexation, and the absolute free energy of binding acetazolamide to the hCAII-Zn(2+) co

16. This article presents different classes of structures of the mutant His-107-Tyr of human CA-II by harvesting molecular dynamics trajectories at low and high temperatures. Identified are putative unfolding intermediates of the mutant His-107-tyr of human carbonic anhydrase II in a multidimensional property space.

17. The levels of expression of carbonic anhydrase 2, catalase, and PRDX2 in the nipple discharge were significantly increased in breast ductal carcinoma patients as compared to controls.

18. This study suggests that the expression of CA II acts as independent prognostic biomarker for survival in pseudomyxoma peritonei

19. Changes in membrane composition may affect the erythrocyte membranes' capacity to increase in vitro hCA II activity

20. identified 2 novel mutations in 2 Chinese families with CAII deficiency syndrome; a nonsense mutation in exon 4 in both families; a splice mutation at the splice donor site of intron 3 in 1 family; the splice-site mutation causes exon 3 skipping in patient's mRNA resulting in an in-frame deletion and a novel premature stop codon

Cow (Bovine) Carbonic Anhydrase II (CA2) interaction partners

1. A single substitution of the amino acid in three mutant forms of CA II affected the native state of the protein but did not change its unfolding pathway. On the contrary, the inserted disulfide bridge in three other mutant forms of CA II affected the protein unfolding pathway.

2. This study provides the first evidence that extra-platelet nitrite and erythrocytic CAII may modulate platelet function in a cGMP-dependent manner.

3. binding of dorzolamide to bovine and human carbonic anhydrase II

4. Increasing the number and distribution of surface acidic groups of CAII is sufficient to function in high-salt environments.

5. Folding analysis of the zinc protein, carbonic anhydrase 2 was performed using electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometry coupled with collision-induced dissociation.

6. Intense positive staining for CA-II was found in luminal duct cells and for the first time also inside the duct lumen, clearly demonstrating the expression and secretion of salivary CA-II in bovine parotid glands.

7. structure refined to 1.95 A resolution; has a C-terminal knot structure; contains one zinc ion in the active site coordinated to 3 his and 1 water molecule; structure reveals a probable alternative proton-wire pathway that differs from that of HCA II.

8. novel series of mono- and bis- benzene sulfonamides with potent binding affinity for bovine carbonic anhydrase II

9. catalytic activity of CAII affects the SNAT3 conductance, but presumably not by increasing the local H+ buffer capacity

10. kinetics of refolding of carbonic anhydrase II following transfer from a buffer containing 5 m guanidinium chloride to a buffer containing 0.5 m guanidinium chloride

11. The urea-induced unfolding of bovine carbonic anhydrase II, BCA II, is characterized by a combination of high-resolution NMR, circular dichroism spectroscopy and small angle X-ray scattering.

12. Carbonic anhydrase II (BCA II) when incubated in mildly denaturing conditions showed that the partially unfolded conformers assemble together and form ordered amyloid aggregates.