Transition Protein 1 (During Histone To Protamine Replacement) Proteins (TNP1)

Cow (Bovine) Transition Protein 1 (During Histone To Protamine Replacement) (TNP1) interaction partners

1. We propose that SNPs on the TNP1 3'-UTR may help select semen quality trait in Chinese Holstein bulls in the dairy industry.

Human Transition Protein 1 (During Histone To Protamine Replacement) (TNP1) interaction partners

1. Among Systemic lupus erythematosus patients, 63.6% and 45.5% of those with lupus nephritis were positive for anti-RRP8 and anti-TNP1 antibodies, compared with 12.5% and 9.4% of Systemic lupus erythematosus patients without nephritis, respectively.

2. frequency of the haplotype GCG (H3) was increased in azoospermic men compared with fertile men. expression analysis of the TNP1 gene in obstructive azoospermic men showed that haplotypes of the TNP1 gene do not affect its expression level.

3. a deletion of 15 nucleotides encompassing the recognition site for the cAMP response element transcription factor was found in the 5'-promoter region of the TNP1 gene in infertile men; this deletion reduces TNP1 expression and may cause infertility

4. We found significantly lower levels of HILS1, TNP1, and TNP2 transcripts in spermatozoa from asthenozoospermic men compared to normozoospermic men.

5. The TNP1 contributes not only to successful fertilization, but may has an important impact in development of preimplantation embryos.

6. The presence of transition proteins (TP1 and/or TP2) in spermatids in semen indicates inhibition in the differentiation pathway from round spermatids to spermatozoa in infertile men.

Mouse (Murine) Transition Protein 1 (During Histone To Protamine Replacement) (TNP1) interaction partners

1. Tnp1, Tekt1, and Plzf have essential roles in spermatogenesis and can be expressed during organ culture of testis; with this system, genes can be induced only at the molecular level and not beyond meiosis.

2. TPs are required for normal chromatin condensation, for reducing the number of DNA breaks, and for preventing the formation of secondary defects in spermatozoa, eventual loss of genomic integrity, and sterility

3. The elevated levels of the remaining TP in Tnp-mutant mice appeared to be a consequence of the prolonged nucleus retention, rather than increased synthesis.

4. Epididymal sperm from the Tnp1 null genotypes demonstrated a general decrease in normal morphology, motility, chromatin condensation, and degree of protamine 2 processing with decreasing levels of transition proteins in mutant sperm.

5. JHDM2A directly binds to and controls the expression of transition nuclear protein 1 (Tnp1) and protamine 1 (Prm1) genes, the products of which are required for packaging and condensation of sperm chromatin