Apolipoprotein B (Including Ag(x) Antigen) (APOB) ELISA Kit

Antigen: Apolipoprotein B (Including Ag(x) Antigen) (APOB)

Synonyms: Aa1064, Ac1-060, ApoB-48, ApoB-100, Apo B-100, apob-48, AI315052, apob-100, MGC176318, APOB, APOB-100, ApoB(100)

Reactivity: Rabbit

Application: ELISA

Certificates: ISO 9001:2008

Catalog no.: ABIN368573

Additional Information

Characteristics: This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of rabbit Apo-B100 concentrations in serum, plasma and other biological fluids.

Alternative name: apoprotein B100 (apo-B100)

Sample Type: Serum, Plasma

Description: Apolipoprotein B (APOB) is the primary apolipoprotein of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), which is responsible for carrying cholesterol to tissues. While it is unclear exactly what functional role APOB plays in LDL, it is the primary apolipoprotein component and is absolutely required for its formation. What is clear is that the APOB on the LDL particle acts as a ligand for LDL receptors in various cells throughout the body. Through a mechanism that is not fully understood, high levels of APOB can lead to plaques that cause vascular disease (atherosclerosis), leading to heart disease. There is considerable evidence that levels of APOB are a better indicator of heart disease risk than total cholesterol or LDL. However, primarily for practical reasons, cholesterol, and more specifically, LDL-cholesterol, remains the primary lipid target and risk factor for atherosclerosis. The protein occurs in the plasma in 2 main isoforms, APOB48 and APOB100. The first is synthesized exclusively by the small intestine, the second by the liver. Both isoforms are coded by APOB and by a single mRNA transcript larger than 16 kb. As a result of the RNA editing, APOB48 and APOB100 share a common N-terminal sequence, but 3 APOB48 lacks APOB100's C-terminal LDL receptor binding region. In fact, APOB48 is so called because it constitutes 48% of the sequence for APOB100.

Specificity: This assay recognizes recombinant and natural rabbit apo-B100. No significant cross-reactivity or interference was observed.

Sensitivity: The minimum detectable dose of rabbit apo-B100 is typically less than 28.5 μg/ml . The sensitivity of this assay, or Lower Limit of Detection (LLD) was defined as the lowest concentration that could be differentiated from zero. Detection Range: The minimum detectable dose of rabbit apo-B100 is typically less than 28.5 μg/ml . The sensitivity of this assay, or Lower Limit of Detection (LLD) was defined as the lowest concentration that could be differentiated from zero.

Application Details

Principle: The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to apo-B100. Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated monoclonal antibody preparation specific for apo-B100 and incubated. Then substrate solution A and B are added to each well. Only those wells that contain apo-B100, HRP-conjugated antibody will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of a sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The concentration of apo-B100 in the samples is then determined by comparing the O.D. of the samples to the standard curve.

Protocol: Reagent Preparation:
1. Bring all reagents and plate to room temperature for at least 30 minutes before use. Unused wells need store at 2-8°C and avoid sunlight. 2. Wash Buffer If crystals have formed in the concentrate, warm to room temperature and mix gently until the crystals have completely dissolved. Dilute 15 ml of Wash Buffer Concentrate into deionized or distilled water to prepare 300 ml of Wash Buffer. 6.
Assay Procedure:
Bring all reagents and samples to room temperature before use. It is recommended that all samples, standards, and controls be assayed in duplicate. 7 1. Reconstitute the every Standard with 0.5 ml of distilled water. 2. Set a Blank well without any solution. Add 50μl of Standard or Sample per well. Standard need test in duplicate. 3. Add 50μl of HRP-conjugate to each well (not to Blank well). Mix well and then incubate for 2 hour at 37°C. 4. Complete remove the liquid. Then fill each well with Wash Buffer (about 200μl), stay for 10 seconds and Spinning. Repeat the process for a total of three washes. Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential to good performance. After the last wash, remove any remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and blot it against clean paper towels. 5. Add 50μl of Substrate A and 50μl of Substrate B to each well, mix well. Incubate for 15 minutes at 37°C. Keeping the plate away from drafts and other temperature fluctuations in the dark. 6. Add 50μl of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing. 7. Determine the optical density of each well within 10 minutes, using a microplate reader set to 450 nm. 8.
Calculation of Results:
Using the professional soft ",Curve Exert 1.3", to make a standard curve is recommended, which can be downloaded from our web. Average the duplicate readings for each standard, control, and sample and subtract the average zero standard optical density. Create a standard curve by reducing the data using computer software capable of generating a four parameter logistic (4-PL) curve-fit. As an alternative, construct a standard curve by plotting the mean absorbance for each standard on the y-axis against the concentration on the x-axis and draw a best fit curve through the points on the graph. The data may be linearized by plotting the log of the apo-B100 concentrations versus the log of the O.D. and the best fit line can be determined by regression analysis. This procedure will produce an adequate but less precise fit of the data. If samples have been diluted, the concentration read from the standard curve must be multiplied by the dilution factor.
Limitations of the Procedure:
The kit should not be used beyond the expiration date on the kit label.Do not mix or substitute reagents with those from other lots or sources. 9It is important that the Calibrator Diluent selected for the standard curve be consistent with the samples being assayed.If samples generate values higher than the highest standard, dilute the samples with the appropriate Calibrator Diluent and repeat the assay.Any variation in Standard Diluent, operator, pipetting technique, washing technique, incubation time or temperature, and kit age can cause variation in binding.This assay is designed to eliminate interference by soluble receptors, binding proteins, and other factors present in biological samples. Until all factors have been tested in the Immunoassay, the possibility of interference cannot be excluded.
Sample collection and storage:
Serum Use a serum separator tube (SST) and allow samples to clot for 30 minutes before centrifugation for 15 minutes at 1000 g. Remove serum and assay immediately or aliquot and store samples at -20° C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Plasma Collect plasma using citrate, EDTA, or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge for 15 minutes at 1000 g within 30 minutes of collection. Assay immediately or aliquot and store samples at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Grossly hemolyzed samples are not suitable for use in this assay.

Assay Procedure: Assay Time: 1-3h
Sample Volume: 50-100ul

Application Notes: Detection Wavelength: 450 nm

Components: Reagent (Quantity): Assay plate (1), Standard (5), HRP-conjugate (1x6ml), Wash Buffer (20×concentrate) (1x15ml), Substrate A (1x7ml), Substrate B (1 x7ml), Stop Solution (1x7ml)

Material not included: Microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm, with the correction wavelength set at 540 nm or 570 nm. Pipettes and pipette tips. Deionized or distilled water. Squirt bottle, manifold dispenser, or automated microplate washer.

Storage: 1. Unopened test kits should be stored at 2-8 C upon receipt and the microtiter plate should be kept in a sealed bag to minimize exposure to damp air. The test kit may be used throughout the expiration date of the kit. Refer to the package label for the expiration date. 2. Opened test kits will remain stable until the expiring date shown, provided it is stored as prescribed above. 3. A microtiter plate reader with a bandwidth of 10 nm or less and an optical density range of 0-3 OD or greater at 450nm wavelength is acceptable for use in absorbance measurement.

Restrictions: For Research Use only