Endoglin Proteins (ENG)

Human Endoglin (ENG) interaction partners

1. High ENG expression is associated with Diabetic Nephropathy.

2. CD105 expression (MVD) is inversely related to tumor aggressiveness in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and can be used as a favorable prognosis marker.

3. ENG selectively interacts with sphingomyelin(SM)-18:0 which promotes its clustering with metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) in SM-18:0 enriched lipid rafts of the apical syncytial membranes from preeclampsia placenta where ENG is cleaved by MMP14 into sENG.

4. angiogenesis of lung cancer may be related to the interaction of SPARC, TGFbeta1 and Endoglin

5. Long-term hypercholesterolemia combined with high levels of sEng leads to the aggravation of endothelial and vessel wall dysfunction in aorta, with possible alterations of the membrane endoglin/eNOS signaling.

6. Plasma level of soluble endoglin is increased in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy.

7. Study describes a novel mutation in exon 9 of ENG (c.1145G>A) found in five affected members of a family, all of them with characteristic symptoms of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. This mutation involves Cys382 residue of the Endoglin protein (p.Cys382>Tyr) in the zona pellucida module of its extracellular region.

8. This review summarizes the current data concerning the role and signalling pathways of endoglin in hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression, and provides an overview of the strategies available for a specific targeting of CD105 in anti-angiogenic therapy in Hepatocellular carcinoma.

9. Increased sEng and sVCAM-1 and decreased free VEGF plasma levels were found in women with severe preeclampsia, compared with normotensive pregnant group.

10. circulating soluble Eng can influence vascular development and arteriovenous malformations by modulating angiogenesis.

11. Data indicate an articulated expression of endoglin/CD105 in acute leukemia, suggesting a therapeutic potential of anti-CD105 monoclonal antibody.

12. Here we report the genetic characterization and functional analysis of the heterozygous mutation c.-142A>T in the 5'UTR region of ENG found in a family with several members affected by Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia ..Transfection studies in monkey cells using endoglin expression vectors demonstrated that c-142A>T mutation results in a clear reduction in the levels of the endoglin protein.

13. CD105(+) fibroblasts were found to circumscribe epithelia with neuroendocrine differentiation. CAF-derived SFRP1, driven by CD105 signaling, was necessary and sufficient to induce prostate cancer neuroendocrine differentiation in a paracrine manner.

14. Combining radiation and CD105 targeting to address the DNA repair.

15. No correlation was identified between the tumor CD105 (endoglin) expression and survival in CSCC patients treated with radical RT +/- chemotherapy.

16. Recombinant short-endoglin overexpression reduces unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal fibrosis. As long endoglin overexpression provokes renal fibrosis we conclude that endoglin-mediated induction of renal fibrosis in this model is dependent on its cytoplasmic domain.

17. endoglin promoted VEGF-induced tip cell formation. Mechanistically, endoglin interacted with VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-2 in a VEGF-dependent manner, which sustained VEGFR2 on the cell surface and prevented its degradation. Endoglin mutants deficient in the ability to interact with VEGFR2 failed to sustain VEGFR2 on the cell surface and to promote VEGF-induced tip cell formation.

18. Endoglin isoforms are differentially upregulated in liver samples of patients with chronic and acute liver injury.

19. Ki67 LI, CD105, and alpha-SMA expression showed significant differences between normal, low-risk oral epithelial dysplasia and high-risk oral epithelial dysplasia. These findings further support that features such as increased basal cell layer hyperplasia, abnormal superficial mitosis, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, and hyperchromasia could be transformation-relevant dysplastic features.

20. Spindle-shaped gastric cancer stromal cells expressing CD73, CD90 or CD105 are involved in disease progression, and among them, CD105-positive cells are strongly associated with poor prognosis.

Mouse (Murine) Endoglin (ENG) interaction partners

1. These data reveal a novel function of CD105 in beige adipocytes: maintaining their thermogenic program by regulating Smad2 signaling.

2. circulating soluble Eng can influence vascular development and arteriovenous malformations by modulating angiogenesis.

3. endoglin promoted VEGF-induced tip cell formation. Mechanistically, endoglin interacted with VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-2 in a VEGF-dependent manner, which sustained VEGFR2 on the cell surface and prevented its degradation. Endoglin mutants deficient in the ability to interact with VEGFR2 failed to sustain VEGFR2 on the cell surface and to promote VEGF-induced tip cell formation.

4. Endoglin deficiency in hepatic stellate cell significantly aggravates fibrosis in response to injury in two different murine models of liver fibrosis and increases alpha-SMA and fibronectin expression in vitro.

5. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells, when combined with endothelial progenitor cells, accelerate muscle recovery in a mouse model of hind limb ischemia, through an endoglin-dependent mechanism.

6. we cannot rule out a possibility that a long-term chronic exposure (9 months and more) to soluble endoglin alone or combined with other cardiovascular risk factors may contribute to alterations of heart function and structure in Sol-Eng+ mice, which is the topic in our lab in ongoing experiments

7. Data show that concomitant activin receptor-like kinase 1 (Acvrl1) and endoglin (Eng) deficiency synergistically decreases pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor volume.

8. Endoglin is necessary for the pro-angiogenic properties of the cardiosphere-derived cells secretome.

9. systemic DPP4 inhibition restores the impaired mononuclear cell homing in Eng+/- animals post-myocardial infarction, and enhances cardiac repair, which might be explained by restoring the balance between the inflammatory and regenerative macrophages present in the heart

10. results suggest that soluble endoglin modulates inflammatory-related diseases and open new perspectives leading to the development of novel and targeted approaches for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases

11. Endoglin controls blood vessel diameter through endothelial cell shape changes in response to haemodynamic cues.

12. Endoglin prevents vascular malformation by regulating flow-induced cell migration and specification through VEGFR2 signalling.

13. Identification of novel regulators of developmental hematopoiesis using Endoglin regulatory elements as molecular probes

14. Endoglin has an important role in VSMC recruitment and blood vessel maturation during angiogenesis.

15. the TGFbeta1 coreceptor Eng selectively regulates expression of multiple transient receptor potential channels in the setting of left or right ventricular pressure overload

16. Endothelial cell-specific endoglin expression in islets of Langerhans is sensitive to VEGF and plays partial roles in driving islet vascular development, however such regulation appears to be distinct to mechanisms required to modulate islet viability and size.

17. Study provides evidence that the expression of endoglin is required for the establishment of uterine receptivity and the decidualization process, which mediate embryo adhesion or the attachment reaction.

18. The changes in CD90 and CD105 expression in the testis and ovary of mice are reported.

19. the altered immune activity of endoglin deficient macrophages could help to explain the higher rate of infectious diseases seen in HHT1 patients.

20. These results demonstrate a requirement for endoglin in descendants of Pax3-expressing vascular cell precursors.