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In donor retina from patients with diabetes, all three PON1, PON2 and PON3 were expressed, and there was a significant increase in PON3 expression compared to control. This might be the reason for the increased thiolactonase activity observed in diabetic retina compared to control
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PON3 suppressed cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro, which was attributed to its cell-cycle arrest effect.
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PON3 protein can be detected in plasma and resides in the high-density lipoprotein fraction and protects against Oxidative stress by hydrolyzing certain oxidized lipids in lipoproteins, macrophages and Atherosclerotic lesions.
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Our study showed that although lipoic acid up-regulates PON3 but down-regulates PON1 mRNA expression, it increases both PON1 and PON3 protein levels and arylesterase activity in HepG2 cells. We can report that lipoic acid may be useful for preventing atherosclerosis at therapeutic doses.
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Data suggest that paraoxonases (PON1, PON2, PON3) play roles in innate immunity, inflammatory response, and protection against oxidative stress; these factors are associated with the body's response to infectious diseases; low serum PON1 activities are associated with poor survival in patients with severe sepsis. [REVIEW]
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Data show that the mRNA levels of both paraoxonases PON2 and PON3 were significantly upregulated whereas PON1's mRNA was absent in transgenic mouse hearts.
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Although inappropriate promoter methylation was not invariantly associated with reduced transcript expression, a significant association was apparent for the ARHGEF4, PON3, STAT5a, and VAX2 gene transcripts (P<0.05). Herein, we present the first genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in a unique HG-NMIBC cohort, showing extensive and discrete methylation changes relative to normal bladder and low-intermediate-grade tumor
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Low PON3 expression is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma progression.
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This study showed that the PI3K/Akt pathway is up-regulated by the expression of PON3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma by AP-1.
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Studies indicate that three paraoxonases PON1, PON2, and PON3 genes are clustered on chromosome 7, and that PONs possess numerous atheroprotective properties.
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PON3 SNP rs13226149 was associated with intracerebral hemorrhage in log-additive and dominant models. The A allele of rs13226149 contributed to the decreased risk of ICH. SNP rs1053275 was not associated with ICH.
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Data suggest cigarette smoke leads to inhibition of hydrolytic activity of paraoxonase isoenzymes (PON1, PON2, PON3) by modification of thiol groups, by interactions with free radicals/heavy metals, or by decreasing HDL level in blood. [REVIEW]
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Interaction of PON-3 and PON-1 and HDL are associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
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PON3 in HDL may be an important protein in preventing atherosclerosis.
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PON2 and PON3 (i) are associated with mitochondria and mitochondria-associated membranes, (ii) modulate mitochondria-dependent superoxide production, and (iii) prevent apoptosis.
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PON3 is upregulated in cancer tissues and protects against mitochondrial superoxide-mediated cell death.
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Our results suggest that low serum paraoxonase activity is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease. Furthermore, multiple variants in PON influence serum paraoxonase activity and their effects may be synergistic.
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Increased serum paraoxonase-3 concentration is associated with insulin sensitivity in peripheral artery disease and with inflammation in coronary artery disease.
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This study reports for the first time an important increase in serum PON3 concentrations in HIV-infected patients that is associated with their oxidative status and their treatment with NNRTI.
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investigation of whether gene silencing of Pon3 causes oxidative stress in cell line: Data suggest that PON3 knockdown reduces cell proliferation and total antioxidant capacity at ambient oxygen levels.
