The Mouse Monoclonal anti-Complement C4d antibody (ABIN640791) specifically detects Complement C4d in ELISA, IF, WB, IHC (p) and IHC (fro).
The antibody is reactive with Human samples.
DS-MB-00163 recognizes the secreted protein complement component 4d (C4d). The complement 1 complex cleaves complement 4 (C4) to form C4b and C4a. C4b levels are strictly regulated. Single site cleavage of the C4b's alpha chain by Factor I forms iC4b and blocks C3 convertase, inhibiting opsonisation and activation of the classical pathway. This requires C4 binding protein or CR1 as a cofactor. iC4b is further degraded into C4d and C4c. C4d's short half life means that C4d is present in serum at high enough concentrations to make it a useful marker for classical complement activation. C4 has been linked to susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosous. ImmunohistologyIt has been reported that this antibody works very well on acetone-fixed, frozen renal biopsies. Strong staining is observed in the glomeruli and in some cases the peritubular capillaries. DS-MB-00163 has given variable results on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. It has been observed that pre-treatment with 88% formic acid for 20 minutes at room temperature is beneficial (6).