RAD21 antibody (Center)

Catalog No. ABIN2856242

The Rabbit Polyclonal anti-RAD21 antibody has been validated for WB, IF, IP, ICC and IHC (p) and has been independently validated. It is suitable to detect RAD21 in samples from Human and Mouse. There is 1 publication available.

Quick Overview for RAD21 antibody (Center) (ABIN2856242)

Target: RAD21 (RAD21 Homolog (RAD21))

Reactivity: Human, Mouse

Host: Rabbit

Clonality: Polyclonal

Conjugate: This RAD21 antibody is un-conjugated

Application: Western Blotting (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IHC (p))

Product Details anti-RAD21 Antibody

Binding Specificity: Center

Characteristics: Rabbit Polyclonal antibody to RAD21 (RAD21 homolog (S. pombe))
RAD21 antibody

Purification: Purified by antigen-affinity chromatography.

Immunogen: Recombinant protein encompassing a sequence within the center region of human RAD21. The exact sequence is proprietary.

Isotype: IgG

Application Details

Application Notes: Suggested dilution Reference ICC/IF 1:100-1:1000* IHC (Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) 1:100-1:1000* Immunoprecipitation 1:100-1:500* Western blot 1:500-1:3000* Not tested in other applications. *Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the researcher.Suggested dilutionReferenceICC/IF1:100-1:1000* IHC (Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections)1:100-1:1000* Immunoprecipitation1:100-1:500* Western blot1:500-1:3000*

Comment:

Positive Control: K562 , THP-1 , HL-60 , NIH-3T3 , JC , BCL-1

Restrictions: For Research Use only

Independent Validation (CUT&RUN)

Validation #104616 (Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease)

by: Cantù Lab, Gene Regulation during Development and Disease, Linköping University

No.: #104616

Date: 12/06/2024

Antigen: RAD21

Method validated: Cleavage Under Targets and Release Using Nuclease

Positive Control: Anti H3K4me (antibodies-online, ABIN3023251)

Negative Control: Guinea Pig anti-rabbit IgG (antibodies-online, ABIN101961)

Notes:

Passed.

Validation Images

Library profiles comparing fragment size distributions on an E-Gel EX 2% agarose gel (Thermo Fisher). Fragments obtained from CUT&RUN using RAD21 ABIN2856242 (right) after library preparation, compared to the E-Gel Sizing DNA Ladder (Thermo Fisher) (left).

1. Alignment tracks from CTCF CUT&RUN in HEK293T cells. 2. Alignment tracks from CUT&RUN targeting RAD21 in HEK293T cells using ABIN2856242 antibody showing the FBRS locus. 3. RefSeq Genes.

Full Methods

Primary Antibody: ABIN2856242

Full Protocol:

• Cell harvest and nuclear extraction
  • Harvest 250,000 HEK293T cells per antibody
  • Centrifuge cell solution 5 min at 600 x g at RT.
  • Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Gently resuspend cells in 2 mL of Nuclear Extraction Buffer (20 mM HEPES-KOH pH 8.2, 20% Glycerol, 0,05% IGEPAL, 0.5 mM Spermidine, 10 mM KCl, Roche Complete Protease Inhibitor EDTA-free).
  • Move the solution to a 2 mL centrifuge tube.
  • Pellet the nuclei 800 x g for 5 min.
  • Repeat the NE wash twice for a total of three washes.
  • Resuspend the nuclei in 40 µL NE Buffer per sample.
• Concanavalin A beads preparation
  • Prepare one 2 mL microcentrifuge tube.
  • Gently resuspend the magnetic Concanavalin A Beads (antibodies-online, ABIN6923139).
  • Pipette 10 µL Con A Beads slurry for each sample into the 2 mL microcentrifuge tube.
  • Place the tube on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove the microcentrifuge tube from the magnetic stand.
  • Pipette 1 mL Binding Buffer (20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 10 mM KCl, 1 mM CaCl2, 1 mM MnCl2) into the tube and resuspend ConA beads by gentle pipetting.
  • Spin down the liquid from the lid with a quick pulse in a table-top centrifuge.
  • Place the tubes on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove the microcentrifuge tube from the magnetic stand.
  • Repeat the wash twice for a total of three washes.
  • Gently resuspend the ConA Beads in 44ul binding buffer
• Nuclei immobilization – binding to Concanavalin A beads
  • Carefully vortex the nuclei suspension and add 44 µL of the Con A beads in Binding Buffer to the cell suspension for each sample.
  • Close tube tightly incubates 10 min at 4 °C.
  • Put the 2 mL tube on the magnet stand and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Resuspend the beads in 1 mL of EDTA wash buffer (20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM Spermidine, Roche Complete Protease Inhibitor EDTA-free, 2mM EDTA)
  • Incubate 5 min at RT.
  • Place the tube on the magnet stand and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Resuspend the beads in 200µl of wash buffer (20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM Spermidine, Roche Complete Protease Inhibitor EDTA-free) x each sample.
• Primary antibody binding
  • Divide nuclei suspension into separate 200 µL PCR tubes, one for each antibody.
  • Add 2 µL antibody (RAD21 ABIN2856242, anti-H3K4me positive control ABIN3023251, and guinea pig anti-rabbit IgG negative control antibody ABIN101961) to the respective tube, corresponding to a 1:100 dilution.
  • Incubate at 4 °C ON.
  • Place the tubes on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove the microcentrifuge tubes from the magnetic stand.
  • Wash with 200 µL of Wash Buffer using a multichannel pipette to accelerate the process.
  • Repeat the wash five times for a total of six washes.
• pAG-MNase Binding
  • Prepare a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube containing 200 µL of pAG mix per sample (200 µL of wash buffer + 120 ng pAG-MNase per sample)
  • Place the PCR tubes with the sample on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove tubes from the magnetic stand.
  • Resuspend the beads in 200 µL of pAG-MNase premix.
  • Incubate 30 min at 4 °C
  • Place the tubes on a magnet stand until the fluid is clear. Remove the liquid carefully.
  • Remove the microcentrifuge tubes from the magnetic stand.
  • Wash with 200 µL of Wash Buffer using a multichannel pipette to accelerate the process.
  • Repeat the wash five times for a total of six washes.
  • Resuspend in 100 µL of Wash Buffer.
• MNase digestion and release of pAG-MNase-antibody-chromatin complexes
  • Place PCR tubes on ice and allow to chill.
  • Prepare a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube with 102 µl of 2 mM CaCl2 mix per sample (100 µl Wash Buffer + 2 µL 100 mM CaCl2) and let it chill on ice.
  • Always in ice, place the samples on the magnetic rack and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Resuspend the samples in 100 µl of the 2 mM CaCl2 mix and incubate in ice for exactly 30 min.
  • Place the sample on the magnet stand and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Resuspend the sample in 50 µl of 1x Urea STOP Buffer (8.5 M Urea, 100 mM NaCl, 2 mM EGTA, 2 mM EDTA, 0,5% IGEPAL).
  • Incubate the samples 1h at 4°C.
  • Transfer the supernatant containing the pAG-MNase-bound digested chromatin fragments to fresh 200 µl PCR tubes.
• DNA Clean up (Mag-Bind® TotalPure NGS - M1378-01)
  • Take the Mag-Bind® TotalPure NGS beads (Omega Bio-Tek, M1378-01) from the storage and wait until they are RT.
  • Add 2x volume of beads to each sample (e.g. 100 µL of beads for 50 µL of sample).
  • Incubate the beads and the sample for 15 min at RT.
  • During incubation prepare fresh EtOH 80%.
  • Place the PCR tubes on a magnet stand and when the liquid is clear remove the supernatant.
  • Add 200 µl of fresh 80% EtOH to the sample without disturbing the beads (Important!!! Do NOT resuspend the beads or remove the tubes from the magnet stand or the sample will be lost).
  • Incubate 30 sec at RT.
  • Remove the EtOH from the sample.
  • Repeat the wash with 80% EtOH.
  • Resuspend the beads in 25 µL of 10 mM Tris.
  • Incubate the sample for 2 min at RT.
  • Repeat the 2x beads clean up as described before (this time with 50 µlL of beads for each sample).
  • Resuspend the beads + DNA in 20 µL of 10 mM Tris.
• Library preparation and sequencing
  • Prepare Libraries using KAPA HyperPrep Kit using KAPA Dual-Indexed adapters according to protocol.
  • Sequence samples on an Illumina NextSeq 500 sequencer, using a NextSeq 500/550 High Output Kit v2.5 (75 Cycles), 36bp PE.
• Peak calling
  • Trim reads using using bbTools bbduk (BBMap - Bushnell B. - sourceforge.net/projects/bbmap/) to remove adapters, artifacts and repeat sequences.
  • Aligned reads were mapped to the hg38 human genome using bowtie with options -m 1 -v 0 -I 0 -X 500.
  • Use SAMtools to convert SAM files to BAM files and remove duplicates.
  • Use BEDtools genomecov to produce Bedgraph files.
  • Call peaks using SEACR with a 0.001 threshold and the option norm stringent.

Handling

Format: Liquid

Concentration: 1 mg/mL

Buffer: 1XPBS, 20 % Glycerol ( pH 7). 0.025 % ProClin 300 was added as a preservative.

Preservative: ProClin

Precaution of Use: This product contains ProClin: a POISONOUS AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE which should be handled by trained staff only.

Storage: -20 °C

Storage Comment: Keep as concentrated solution. Aliquot and store at -20°C or below. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

References for anti-RAD21 antibody (ABIN2856242)

Ochiai, Hayashi, Umeda, Yoshimura, Harada, Shimizu, Nakano, Saitoh, Liu, Yamamoto, Okamura, Ohkawa, Kimura, Nikaido: "Genome-wide kinetic properties of transcriptional bursting in mouse embryonic stem cells." in: Science advances, Vol. 6, Issue 25, pp. eaaz6699, (2020) (PubMed).

Target Details for RAD21

Target: RAD21 (RAD21 Homolog (RAD21))

Alternative Name: RAD21

Background: The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21, a gene involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, as well as in chromatid cohesion during mitosis. This protein is a nuclear phospho-protein, which becomes hyperphosphorylated in cell cycle M phase. The highly regulated association of this protein with mitotic chromatin specifically at the centromere region suggests its role in sister chromatid cohesion in mitotic cells.

Cellular Localization: Nucleus

Molecular Weight: 72 kDa

Gene ID: 5885

Pathways: Positive Regulation of Endopeptidase Activity