Anti-Phospholipid IgG/IgM ELISA Kit

Catalog No. ABIN930715

Product Details

Target: Anti-Phospholipid IgG/IgM

Reactivity: Chemical

Detection Method: Colorimetric

Method Type: Competition ELISA

Application: ELISA

Analytical Method: Quantitative

Characteristics: ELISA kit for the detection of Phospholipid Screen IgG/IgM in the research laboratory
Alternative Names: Phospholipid IgG/IgM ELISA kit

Purification: Supernatant

Application Details

Application Notes: Optimal conditions to be determined by end-user

Plate: Pre-coated

Assay Procedure:

A mixture of highly purified Cardiolipin, Phosphatidyl Serine, Phosphatidyl Inositol, Phosphatidic Acid and human beta2Glycoprotein I is bound to microwells. Antibodies against these antigens, if present in diluted serum or plasma, bind to the respective antigens. Washing of the microwells removes unspecific serum and plasma components. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated antihuman IgG or IgM immunologically detects the bound patient antibodies forming a conjugate/antibody/antigen complex. Washing of the microwells removes unbound conjugate. An enzyme substrate in the presence of bound conjugate hydrolyzes to form a blue color. The addition of an acid stops the reaction forming a yellow endproduct. The intensity of this yellow color is measured photometrically at 450nm.

Restrictions: For Research Use only

Handling

Storage: 4 °C

Storage Comment: Store at 2-8 °C.

Target Details

Target: Anti-Phospholipid IgG/IgM

Sub Type: Fusionprotein

Target Type: Antibody

Background: The first study of anti-phospholipid antibodies began in 1906, when Wasserman introduced a serological test for Syphilis. In 1942, the active component was found to be a phospholipid, which was designated Cardiolipin. In the 1950s it became clear that a number of people had positive tests for syphilis without any evidence of the disease. This phenomenon was referred to as the biological false positive serological test for syphilis. A high prevalence of autoimmune disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sj grens Syndrome occurred in this group of patients. The presence of circulating anticoagulants in patients with SLE was first documented in 1952 and was associated with increased risk of paradoxical Thrombosis in 1963. The term Lupus Anticoagulant (LA) was first used in 1972, is clearly a misnomer, because LA is more frequently encountered in patients without lupus and is associated with thrombosis rather than abnormal bleeding. During the last years it became clear that the optimal binding of anti phospholipid antibodies is dependent on a cofactor termed beta-2-glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H) (GPI). GPI is a 50 kDa beta-2-globulin occurring in plasma at a level of 200 g/mL. It has been found that beta-2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) inhibits the intrinsic coagulation pathway and, therefore, it is involved in the regulation of blood coagulation. beta2GPI is associated in vivo with negativelycharged substances, e.g. anionic phospholipids, heparin and lipoproteins. The phospholipid binding region is located on its fifth domain. Under the acronym aPL (antiPhospholipid antibodies) antibodies against negatively charged phospholipids, such as CL (Cardiolipin), LA (Lupus Anticoagulant), PS (Phosphatidylserine), PI (Phosphatidylinositol) and PA are summarised. Of these, CL is the phospholipid most commonly used as antigen to test for aPL by ELISA. Some antisera which bind cardiolipin coated ELISA plates can also bind plates coated with other negatively charged phospholipids, such as phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidic acid (PA). Some investigators have suggested that the use of PS in place of cardiolipin in ELISA tests enables more specific diagnosis. These antigens are less commonly used and their additional use can improve the clinical sensitivity in patient samples with suspected APS (Anti-phospholipid Syndrome), but at this time it seems that they can't replace the measurement of autoantibodies against Cardiolipin.
Synonyms: Phospholipid IgG/IgM ELISA kit.