CCL4 Protein (AA 24-92)

Catalog No. ABIN2666733

Recombinant CCL4 protein expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli).

Quick Overview for CCL4 Protein (AA 24-92) (ABIN2666733)

Target: CCL4 (Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 4 (CCL4))

Protein Type: Recombinant

Biological Activity: Active

Origin: Mouse

Source: Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Application: Flow Cytometry (FACS), Cytometry by Time of Flight (CyTOF)

Purity: > 97 % , as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.

Product Details

Protein Characteristics: AA 24-92

Sterility: 0.22 μm filtered

Endotoxin Level:

Less than 0.01 ng per μg cytokine as determined by the LAL method.

Application Details

Application Notes: Optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator.

Comment:

Biological activity: Bioactivity was measured by its ability to chemoattract Baf3-hCCR5 cells in a dose dependent manner.

Restrictions: For Research Use only

Handling

Format: Liquid

Reconstitution: For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20 °C to -70 °C.

Buffer: 0.22 μm filtered protein solution is in 50 mM Glycine, 100 mM NaCl, pH 3.0.

Handling Advice: Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

Storage: -20 °C

Storage Comment: Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for one week, at -20°C for six months, or at -70°C for one year.

Target Details

Target: CCL4 (Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 4 (CCL4))

Alternative Name: CCL4

Background: CCL4 is an important proinflammatory cytokine involved in acute and chronic inflammatory responses. CCL4 attracts monocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes to sites of injury and inflammation. CCL4 signals through G-protein-coupled receptor CCR5, and since CCR5 is a major co-receptor for M-tropic HIV strains, the anti-HIV effect of CCL4 has been explored. Thus, binding of CCL4 to CCR5 inhibits HIV entry and reduces the cell surface expression of CCR5. CCL4 has been identified as one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T cells. CCL4 also protects against type I diabetes by suppressing islet beta-cell inflammatory responses. In a rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, anti-CCL4 treatment using a neutralizing antibody significantly delayed the development, and shortened the duration, of the disease. Activated human peripheral lymphocytes secret a truncated form of CCL4 that lacks the first two amino acids. CCR5 and truncated CCL4 bind to CCR1 and CCR2. Like CCL3, CCL4 is highly acidic and can form high-molecular weight polymers. Consistent with this observation, CCL4 is secreted as high molecular weight aggregates from HIV-I specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The polymerization of CCL4 is reversible and is important for in vivo activity. Heterodimers of CCL3 and CCL4 have also been described.

Molecular Weight: The 69 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 7.8 kDa. The DTT-reduced and non-reduced protein migrate at approximately 13 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Ala.