CXCL12 Protein (AA 22-93)

Catalog No. ABIN2666911

This Recombinant CXCL12 protein is produced in Escherichia coli (E. coli).

Quick Overview for CXCL12 Protein (AA 22-93) (ABIN2666911)

Target: CXCL12 (Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 12 (CXCL12))

Protein Type: Recombinant

Biological Activity: Active

Origin: Mouse

Source: Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Application: ELISA, Flow Cytometry (FACS)

Purity: > 98 % , as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.

Product Details

Protein Characteristics: AA 22-93

Sterility: 0.22 μm filtered

Endotoxin Level:

Less than 0.01 ng per μg cytokine as determined by the LAL method.

Application Details

Application Notes: Optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator.

Comment:

Biological activity: Bioactivity was measured by its ability to chemoattract THP-1 cells in a dose dependent manner.

Restrictions: For Research Use only

Handling

Format: Liquid

Reconstitution: For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Stock solutions should be prepared at no less than 10 μg/mL in sterile buffer (PBS, HPBS, DPBS, and EBSS) containing carrier protein such as 1 % BSA or HSA. After dilution, the cytokine can be stored between 2 °C and 8 °C for one month or from -20 °C to -70 °C for up to 3 months.

Buffer: 0.22 μm filtered protein solution is in PBS.

Handling Advice: Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

Storage: -20 °C

Storage Comment: Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for three months, at -20°C for six months, or at -70°C for one year.

Target Details

Target: CXCL12 (Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 12 (CXCL12))

Alternative Name: CXCL12

Background: CXCL12 is commonly known as SDF-1, with two variants, SDF-1α (89 amino acids) and SDF-1β (93 amino acids) derived from alternative splicing. They have identical amino acid sequences, differing only by the addition of four amino acids at the carboxy-terminus of the β form. CXCL12β is constitutively expressed by stromal cells. CXCL12α and β are ubiquitously expressed, and it has been suggested that their activity is regulated through differential proteolytic processing. Proteases present in serum process CXCL12α initially at the carboxy-terminus (through carboxypeptidase N) and subsubsequently at the amino-terminus (through CD26), while CXCL12β is only processed at the amino-terminus. These proteolytic processes affect the chemokine's ability to bind to heparin and cells as well as its ability to stimulate proliferation and chemotaxis. CXCL12α is inactivated by other enzymes such as metalloproteases, serine proteases, and leukocyte elastase. CXCL12/CXCR4 pair plays a key role in maintaining proliferation and survival of bone marrow stem cell subpopulations under stress conditions. Also, CXCL12 is highly expressed in bone marrow stromal stem cells and regulates growth and survival. CXCL12 promotes survival by inducing anti-apoptotic proteins, decreasing apoptotic proteins, and increasing transcription of cell survival genes. Data suggests that CXCL12β mediates cells' survival by enhancing autophagy in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Molecular Weight: The 72 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 8.5 kDa. The DTT-reduced and non-reduced protein migrate at approximately 11 and 14 kDa by SDS-PAGE respectively. The N-terminal amino acid is Lysine.

Pathways: Regulation of Cell Size, CXCR4-mediated Signaling Events, Negative Regulation of intrinsic apoptotic Signaling