Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) (pSer40) antibody

Antigen: Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH)

Synonyms: TH, TyHyd, GB15303, th, LOC100219119, LOC446095, 2nd copy, Th, TYH, DYT14, DYT5b, The, DH65B, DTH, Pale, VII, dTH65B, pale/ple, DmelCG10118, CG10118

Epitope: pSer40

Clonality: Polyclonal

Host: Rabbit

Reactivity: Mammalian

Application: Western Blotting (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen Sections) (IHC (fro))

Catalog no.: ABIN361503

Additional Information

Alternative name: Phospho-Ser40 Tyrosine Hydroxylase

Format: Affinity-purified

Description: Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of the catecholamines Dopamine and Norepinephrine. TH antibodies can therefore be used as markers for dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons in a variety of applications including depression, schizophrenia, Parkinson?s disease and drug abuse (Kish et al., 2001, Zhu et al., 2000, Zhu et al., 1999). TH antibodies can also be used to explore basic mechanisms of dopamine and norepinephrine signaling (Witkovsky et al., 2000, Salvatore et al., 2001, Dunkley et al., 2004). The activity of TH is also regulated by phosphorylation (Haycock et al., 1982, Haycock et al., 1992, Jedynak et al., 2002). Phospho-specific antibodies for the phosphorylation sites on TH can be used to great effect in studying this regulation and in identifying the cells in which TH phosphorylation occurs. Anti-Phospho Ser40 Tyrosine Hydroxylase Western blot of recombinant phospho- and dephospho-TH showing selective immunolabeling by the phospho-specific antibody of the ~60k TH phosphorylated at Ser40. The pan-specific antibody (anti-pan-TH) recognized both the phospho- and dephospho-TH, while most importantly, the phospho-specific antibody (anti-Ser40 TH) recognized only phospho-TH. Immunohistochemical staining of retina with the pan-tyrosine hydroxylase (pan-TH) and phospho-specific tyrosine hydroxylase (phospho-TH) antibodies. The pan-TH antibody shows extensive labeling in this photomicrograph of the retina. In contrast, the phospho-TH antibody selectively labels only the two amacrine cells in this light-stimulated retina example.

Specificity: Specific for the ~60k tyrosine hydroxylase protein phosphorylated at Ser40. Some higher molecular weight bands may be detected by the antibody depending upon the brain region being studied, protein loads and the detection methods used. The antibody has three orders of magnitude selectiity over dephospho TH.

Application Details

Application Notes: Recommended Dilution: WB: 1:1000 IF (frozen sections, Witkovsky et al., 2000): 1:1000 IHC (frozen sections, Witkovsky et al., 2000): 1:1000 Quality Control: Western blots performed on each lot.

Purification: Prepared from rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho- and dephosphopeptide affinity columns.

Storage: Store at -20 °C, stable for 1 year

Restrictions: For Research Use only

Images

Western blots of recombinant phospho- and dephospho-TH showing selective immunolabeling by the phospho-specific antibody of the ~60k TH phosphorylated at Ser40. The pan-specific antibody (anti-pan-TH) recognized both the phospho- and dephospho-TH, while most importantly, the phospho-specific antibody (anti-Ser40 TH) recognized only phospho-TH.
Immunohistochemical staining of retina with the pan-tyrosine hydroxylase (pan-TH) and phospho-specific tyrosine hydroxylase (phospho-TH) antibodies. The pan-TH antibody shows extensive labeling in this photomicrograph of the retina. In contrast, the phospho-TH antibody selectively labels only the two amacrine cells in this light-stimulated retina example.

Immunohistochemical staining of retina with the pan-tyrosine hydroxylase (pan-TH) and phospho-specific tyrosine hydroxylase (phospho-TH) antibodies. The pan-TH antibody shows extensive labeling in this photomicrograph of the retina. In contrast, the phospho-TH antibody selectively labels only the two amacrine cells in this light-stimulated retina example.

Publications

Publications: Nakashima, Mori, Kaneko et al.: "Phosphorylation of the N-terminal portion of tyrosine hydroxylase triggers proteasomal digestion of the enzyme." in: Biochemical and biophysical research communications, Vol. 407, Issue 2, pp. 343-7, 2011 (PubMed). (1:3000).

Salvatore, Pruett: "Dichotomy of Tyrosine Hydroxylase and Dopamine Regulation between Somatodendritic and Terminal Field Areas of Nigrostriatal and Mesoaccumbens Pathways." in: PLoS ONE, Vol. 7, Issue 1, pp. e29867, 2012 (PubMed).