Glutamate Decarboxylase 2 (Pancreatic Islets and Brain, 65kDa) (GAD2) antibody (HRP)

Antigen: Glutamate Decarboxylase 2 (Pancreatic Islets and Brain, 65kDa) (GAD2)

Synonyms: GAD65, MGC161605, MGC161607, Gad-2, GAD(65), 6330404F12Rik, gad65, zgc:112198, GAD2, F12P19.12, F12P19_12, GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE 2

Clonality: Polyclonal

Host: Rabbit

Reactivity: Human, Mouse (Murine), Rat (Rattus), Cow (Bovine), Dog (Canine), Chicken, Pig (Porcine)

Conjugate: HRP

Application: Western Blotting (WB), ELISA

Catalog no.: ABIN668149

Additional Information

Alternative name: GAD65

Immunogen: Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with synthetic peptide derived from human GAD65 C-terminus

Format: Lyophilized

Reconstitution: Reconstitute with 100ul sterille distilled water. After reconstitution, stock concentration=1ug/1ul, preservatives included (BSA=10ug/ul, Sodium azide=0.1%)

Isotype: IgG

Description: Synonym: 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase, DCE 2, DCE2, GAD 2, GAD 65, GAD-2, GAD-65,GAD 65, GAD2, Glutamate Decarboxylase 2 (pancreatic islets and brain 65kDa), Glutamate Decarboxylase 2, Glutamate Decarboxylase 65, Glutamate decarboxylase 65 kDa isoform, Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 2, Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65.

Molecular Weight: 65kDa

Comments:

Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) catalyzes the conversion of L glutamate to g-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain

and a putative paracrine signal molecule in pancreatic islets. GAD has a restricted tissue distribution. It is highly expressed in the cytoplasm of GABAergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and pancreatic beta cells. It is also present in other non-neuronal tissues such as testis

oviduct and ovary. GAD is also transiently expressed in non-GABAergic cells of the embryonic and adult nervous system

suggesting its involvement in development and plasticity. . GAD exists as two isoforms

GAD65 and GAD67 (molecular masses of 65 and 67 kD

respectively) that are encoded by two different genes. GAD65 is an ampiphilic

membraneanchored protein

(585 amino acid residues) and is encoded on human chromosome 10. GAD67 is a cytoplasmic protein (594 amino acid residues) and is encoded on chromosome 2. There is 64% amino acid identity between the two isoforms

with the highest diversity located at the N terminus

which in GAD65 is required for targeting the enzyme to GABA-containing secretory vesicles. The two isoforms appear to have distinct intraneuronal distribution in the brain. GAD65 has been identified as an autoantigen in insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS)

IDDM is an autoimmune disease that results from T cell mediated destruction of pancreatic insulin-secreting beta cells. Islet-reactive T cells and antibodies primarily to GAD65 (also named beta cell autoantigen) can be detected in peripheral blood of 80% of recent-onset IDD patients and in pre-diabetic high-risk subjects before onset of clinical symptoms. This suggests that GAD may be an important marker in the early stages of the disease. Also

autoantibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 are detected in animal models of IDDM

including the non-obese diabetes (NOD) mouse. In the NOD mouse

T cell reactivity is initially restricted to the C terminal regions of GAD65

but later spreads to other parts of GAD65. Stiff-man syndrome (SMS)

a rare disorder of the CNS

is characterized by progressive rigidity of the body musculature with painful spasms

due to impairment of the GABAergic neurotransmission. _x000D_

Application Details

Application Notes: WB (1:200-1000), ELISA (1:500-1000)

Concentration: 1mg/1ml

Purification: Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Buffer: 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4 with 10 mg/ml BSA and 0.1% Sodium azide

Storage: Ship at room temperature. Store at -20°C

Research Area: Neurology, Amino Acids

Restrictions: For Research Use only