Western Blotting (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Specificity
Immunostaining Cell Cultures 1. Draw of culture medium with aspirator and add 1 ml of 3.7 % formalin in PBS solution to the dish. (make up from 10mls Fisher 37% formalin plus 90mls PBS, the Fisher formalin contains 37% formaldehyde plus about 1% methanol which may be relevant sometimes). Let sit at room temp for 1 minute. (can add 0.1% Tween 20 to PBS used here and all subsequent steps to reduce background, probably best not to do this first time round though as it may extract your antigen or help wash your cells off the dish). 2. Take off the formalin/PBS and add 1ml of cold methanol (-20°C, kept in well sealed bottle in fridge). Let sit for no more than 1 minute. 3. Take off methanol and add 1ml of PBS, not letting the specimen dry out. To block nonspecific antibody binding can add ~10ml (=1%) of goat serum (Sigma), and can incubate for 30 minutes. Can then add antibody reagents. Typically 100ml of hybridoma tissue culture supernatent or 1ml of mouse ascites fluid, affinity purified or crude serum. Incubate for 1 hour at room temp. (or can go at 37°C for 30 minutes to 1 hour, or can do 4°C overnight, exact time not too critical). Can do very gentle shaking for well adherent cell lines (3T3, Hek293 etc.). 4. Remove primary antibody and replace with 1 ml of PBS. Let sit for 5-10 minutes, replace PBS and repeat twice, to give three washes in PBS. 5. Add 0.5 mls of secondary antibody. These are fluorescently labeled Goat anti mouse or rabbit antibodies and are conjugated to ALEXA dyes and are from Molecular probes (Eugene Oregon, the ALEXA dyes are sulphonated rhodamine compounds and are much more stable to UV than FITC, TRITC, Texas red etc.). Typically make 1:2,000 dilutions of these secondaries in PBS plus 1% goat serum, BSA or non fat milk carrier. Incubate for 1 hour at room temp. (or can go at 37°C for 30 minutes to 1 hour, or can do 4°C overnight). Can do gentle shaking for well adherent cell lines (3T3, HEK293 etc.). 6. Remove secondary antibody and replace with 1 ml of PBS. Let sit for 5-10 minutes, replace PBS and repeat twice, to give three washes in PBS. 7. Drop on one drop of Fisher mounting medium onto dish and apply 22mm square coverslip. View in the microscope!
Western Blotting 1. Run gel as usual. Take gel out of electrophoresis apparatus. Cut into segments as required, Part of gel can be stained directly in Coomassie brilliant blue R-250 (2.5 g Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250, 450 mls methanol, 100 mls glacial acetic acid, water to 1 liter). Part to be used for electroblotting is put into tap water on shaker, after first having marked it unambiguously to identify top/bottom, left and right etc. 2. Leave in water on shaker for 5 minutes. This step can be substituted by washing the gel in electro-transfer buffer (see below) for 5 minutes. 3. We use a semidry blotter, which we have found to be quicker, more economical and easier than fully submerged blotting methods. We cut Whatman 3M filter papers to the size of our gels, and place three of these onto the semi dry blotter. These are then wet with transfer buffer (we routinely use 3.03 g Tris base, 14.4 g Glycine, 10% Methanol per liter). The gel is put onto the filters and a prewetted nitrocellulose filter is put ontop of the gel. Alternately put a PVDF membrane on top, if you
KO Validated
HMGB1
Reactivity: Human
WB, IHC, IF
Host: Rabbit
Monoclonal
unconjugated
Application Notes
Immunofluorescence: 1:1,000 or higher , Western blot: 1:1,000-2,000. Dilution listed only as recommendations. Optimal dilutions should be determined by end user.
Restrictions
For Research Use only
Format
Liquid
Concentration
1.0 mg/mL
Handling Advice
Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage
4 °C
Storage Comment
Antibody can be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20° C to -70° C in a manual defrost freezer for six , months without detectable loss of activity. The antibody can be stored at 2° - 8° C for 1 month without , detectable loss of activity.