For immunohistology, immunofluorescence and Western blotting dilutions to be used depend on detection system applied. It is recommended that users test the reagent and determine their own optimal dilutions. The typical starting working dilution is 1:10. For Western blotting it is recommended to use lysis buffer in 10 mM N-ethylmaleimide (e.g. Pierce #23030) to inhibit ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes. N-ethylmaleimide inactivates certain enzymes by blocking free sulfhydryls. After eletrophoresis and transfer, pre-incubate transferred membranes in denaturing buffer (6 M guanidine-HCl, 20 mM Tris-HCl, 5 mM beta-mercaptoethanol, 1 mM PMSF ( pH 7.5)) for 30-60 minutes at 4 °C, followed by extensive PBS washing.
This product contains Sodium azide: a POISONOUS AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE which should be handled by trained staff only.
Storage
4 °C
Storage Comment
Product should be stored at 4 °C. Under recommended storage conditions, product is stable for one year.
Expiry Date
12 months
Holbert, Denghien, Kiechle, Rosenblatt, Wellington, Hayden, Margolis, Ross, Dausset, Ferrante, Néri: "The Gln-Ala repeat transcriptional activator CA150 interacts with huntingtin: neuropathologic and genetic evidence for a role in Huntington's disease pathogenesis." in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 98, Issue 4, pp. 1811-6, (2001) (PubMed).
Mullally, Moos, Edes, Fitzpatrick: "Cyclopentenone prostaglandins of the J series inhibit the ubiquitin isopeptidase activity of the proteasome pathway." in: The Journal of biological chemistry, Vol. 276, Issue 32, pp. 30366-73, (2001) (PubMed).
The monoclonal antibody Ubi-1 recognizes ubiquitin, both conjugated and unconjugated. Ubiquitin is a highly conserved globular 76 amino acid protein of about 8.5 kDa. It has an important role in the targeting of proteins for proteolytic degradation. Proteins to be degraded are covalently coupled to the C-terminus of ubiquitin by means of ubiquitin ligases. The ubiquitin itself is frequently also ubiquitinated, producing a polyubiquitin chain. The polyubiquitinated complex is then recognized by a complex of degradative enzymes which form the proteosome. Ubiquitin is also covalently attached to a variety of other pathological inclusions seen in human diseases which appear to be resistant to normal degradation. These inclusions include the neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy, Pick bodies of Pick's disease, Lewy bodies of Parkinson's disease, Mallory bodies of alcoholic liver disease, Rosenthal fibers of Alexander's disease, and the inclusion bodies in inclusion myositis and oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy. The ubiquitin molecule appears to be present in all eukaryotic cells and has an identical primary structure in all animals. Reactivity has been shown in human, bovine, chicken, Drosophilia and C. elegans. Ubiquitin is present in the nucleus, cytoplasm and on cell surface membranes. The monoclonal antibody Ubi-1 was raised against purified bovine ubiquitin conjugated with glutaraldehyde to keyhole limpet hemocyanin.